The Nobel Prize in Chemistry for 2007 was awarded to Gerhard Ertl (Germany, 1936) "for his studies of chemical processes on solid surfaces". This science is important for the chemical industry and can help us to understand such varied processes as why iron rusts, how fuel cells function and how the catalysts in our cars work.

Gerhard Ertl - Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany.

Gerhard Ertl is a member of the Advisory Editorial Board for Elsevier's Chemical Physics Letters and formerly a handling editor for both Surface Science and Surface Science Reports.

In recognition of the importance of his work, Elsevier is pleased to offer open access to key articles that Gerhard Ertl has published with them.

Polynuclear metal carbonyl compounds and chemisorption of CO on transition metal surfaces
Chemical Physics Letters
Volume 42, Issue 1, 15 August 1976, Pages 115-118
H. Conrad, Gerhard Ertl, H. Knözinger, J. Küppers and E. E. Latta

The role of potassium in the catalytic synthesis of ammoniaChemical Physics Letters
Volume 60, Issue 3, 15 January 1979, Pages 391-394
Gerhard Ertl, M. Weiss and S. B. Lee

Adsorption and thermal decomposition of ammonia on a Ni(110) surface - isolation and identification of adsorbed NH2 and NH
Surface Science
Volume 175, Issue 11, 1986
Bassignana, Wagemann, Kuppers and Gerhard Ertl

Adsorption of hydrogen on a Pt(111) surface
Surface Science
Volume 54, Issue 2, 1976
Christmann, Gerhard Ertl and Pignet

 

Gerhard Ertl
Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany

View a video clip of the Nobel Prize Award Ceremony

Doctoral

Thesis title:

'Synthetic Studies in Carbohydrate Molecular Diversity: Development of Anti-parasitic Agents'

Guide/Supervisor:

Dr Rama Pati Tripathi Scientist E-II

Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR)

Lucknow-226001, INDIA

Post Doctoral

Project 1: January 2005-February 2006

Title : “Metodologie Syntetiche per la preparazione di composti a potenziale inetresse tossicologico, in particolare nucleosidi e nucleotidi”

[Synthetic methods for the preparation of the compounds of toxicological interest, in particular nucleosides and nucleotides]

Guide/Supervisor: Prof (Dr) Gloria Cristalli, Deputy Vice Chancellor, University of Camerino, Camerino, (MC) 62032. Italy

Project 2: March 2006-June 2007

Title:“Carattarizzazione analitica di prodotti tipici dell’ Appennino marchegiano e sintesi di molecule caratterizzanti”

[Analytical characterization of the products of the typical of the Marche region and the synthesis of the characterized molecules]

Guide/Supervisor: Prof. (Dr.) Gloria Cristalli, Deputy Vice Chancellor & Prof. (Dr.) Gabriella Marucci, Department of Chemistry, University of Camerino, Camerino, (MC) 62032. Italy

Project 3: July 2007-Till date

Title: “Sintesi e caratterizzazione di nuovi nucleosidi e nucleotidi purinici”

[Synthesis and characterization of new purine nucleosides & nucleotides]

Guide/Supervisor: Prof. (Dr.) Gloria Cristalli, Deputy Vice Chancellor, Department of Chemistry, University of Camerino, Camerino, (MC) 62032. Italy

SYNTHETIC STUDIES IN CARBOHYDRATE MOLECULAR DIVERSITY: DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIPARASITIC AGENTS

THESIS SUBMITTED

TO

Dr. R. M. L., AVADH UNIVERSITY

FAIZABAD

FOR THE DEGREE OF

DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY

IN

CHEMISTRY

By

Ram Chandra Mishra

M. Sc. (Chemistry)

MEDICINAL & PROCESS CHEMISTRY DIVISION

CENTRAL DRUG RESEARCH INSTITUTE

(Council of Scientific and Industrial Research)

Lucknow-226001, INDIA

2004

Dragendorff Reagent:

The Dragendorff's Reagent is used for the detection of Nitrogenous compounds, alkaloids, antiarrhythmic drugs and surfactants and is also good detector for Phenols.

There are two kinds for preparations, each procedure says preparation of Solution A and Solution B, both are then mixed to use.

1st Method:

Solution A: 1.7 g basic bismuth nitrate in 100 ml water/acetic acid (4:1).

Solution B: 40.0 g potassium iodide in 100 ml of water.

Mix reagents together as follows: 5 ml A + 5 ml B + 20 ml acetic acid + 70 ml water.

Spray plates, orange spots develop. Spots intensify if sprayed later with HCl, or 50% water-phosphoric acid. Good for phenols.

 

2nd Method:

Solution A: 1.7 g basic bismuth nitrate and 20 g tartaric acid in 80 ml of water. 
Solution B:  16 g potassium iodide in 40 ml of water.

Stock solution: (stable several weaks in a refrigerator): mix equal volumes of solutions A and B

 
Procedure:  Spray with a solution of 10 g tartaric acid, 50 ml water & and 5 ml stock solution.

1. R. C. Mishra and R. P. Tripathi. Study on the loading and reactions of naked sugars on solid phase. Medicinal Chemistry Research, 2001, 10, 548. In First International Synposium on Current Trends in Drug Discovery Research. Central Drug Research Institute. February 11-15, 2001.
2. R. C. Mishra A. R. Khan, R. P. Tripathi, V. K. Tiwari, V. J. M. Reddy and J. K. Saxena. Synthesis of glycosylated amino esters as DNA topoisomerase-II inhibitors. National Biorganic Symposium 7, GNDU Amritsar. November 7-9, 2001.
3. R. C. Mishra, N. Tewari, R. P. Tripathi. Conjugate Addition of Hydrazine and Hydroxyl Amines to Sugar derived Olefinic Esters: Synthesis of glycosylated heterocycles. National Symposium of Bioorganic Chemists. Alembic Ltd. Vadodara. February 22-24, 2002.
4. R. C. Mishra, Diksha Katiyar, Neetu Tewari, R.P. Tripathi. A versatile synthesis of dihydropyrimidinone C-Nucleosides. International symposium on Drug Discovery and Process Research, Shivaji University Kolhapur, January 23-25, 2003.
5. V. K. Tiwari, Neetu Tewari, R.C. Mishra, R. P. Tripathi, A .K. Srivastava, R. Ahmad, R. Srivastava and B. S. Srivastava. Synthesis and bioevaluation of glycosyl ureas as a-glucosidase inhibitors and antituberculosis agents. International symposium on Drug Discovery and Process Research, Shivaji University Kolhapur, January 23-25, 2003.
6. Neetu Tewari, R. C. Mishra, R. Ahmad, A.K.Srivastava, and R.P. Tripathi. a-glucosidase inhibitory potential of glycosyl ureas. International conference on Role of Free Radical and antioxidants in Health and disease. King George Medical University Lucknow, February 10-12, 2003.
7. R. C. Mishra, Neetu Tewari, S.S. Verma and R.P.Tripathi. Synthesis of glycosyl isoxazolines by [2+3] cycloaddition reaction. Carbo-XVIII-18^th Carbohydrate Conference held at Indian association for Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata, November 8-10, 2003.
8. R. C. Mishra, V. K. Tiwari and R.P.Tripathi. Medicinal Chemistry Research, 2003, 12 (6/7), 336. Combinatorial Synthesis of library of glycopeptide analogs: search for new antitubercular activity. Second International Synposium on Current Trends in Drug Discover Research, at Central Drug Research Institute, February 17-20, 2004.
9. S. S.Verma, R. C. Mishra, and R. P.Tripathi. Medicinal Chemistry Research, 2003, 12 (6/7), 359. Stereoselective Synthesis of nitrogen bridged disaccharides. Second International Symposium on Current Trends in Drug Discovery Research, at Central Drug Research Institute, February 17-20, 2004.
10. Kavita Arora, R. C. Mishra, R. P.Tripathi, Arvind K. Srivastava, and Rolf D. Walter. Glutathione synthesis in filarial worms: An attractive target for the design and synthesis of new antifilarials. Medicinal Chemistry Research, 2003, 12 (6/7), 295. Second International Symposium on Current Trends in Drug Discovery Research, at Central Drug Research Institute, February 17-20, 2004.
11. Shailja Misra-Bhattacharya, Preeti Bajpai, Shailendra Kumar Verma, Diksha Katiyar, R. C. Mishra, R. P. Tripathi, Iti Bansal and J. K. Saxena. Medicinal Chemistry Research, 2003, 12 (6/7), 332. Search of new prototypes for chemotherapy of filariasis: Chemotherapeutic and biochemical approach. Second International Symposium on Current Trends in Drug Discover Research, at Central Drug Research Institute, February 17-20, 2004
12. Ram Chandra Mishra, Diego Dal Ben, Catia Lambertucci, Floriana Rosa Portino, Rosaria Volpini, Sauro Vittori, Gloria Cristalli. Solid Phase Synthesis of Substituted Adenine Phosphates as P2 Receptor Ligands. Second Joint Italian-Swiss Meeting on Medicinal Chemistry. September 13-16, 2005. Modena, Italy. Download
13. Ram Chandra Mishra, Catia Lambertucci, Rosaria Volpini, Sara Finaurini, Jan N. M. Commandeur, Micaela Morelli, Gloria Cristalli. Metabolism Studies of new A2A Antagonists having Anti Parkinson’s Activity. VIII^th International Symposium on Adenosine and Adenine Nucleotides. May 24-28, 2006. Ferrara, Italy.
14. Sauro Vittori, Ram Chandra Mishra, Diego Dal Ben, Dhuldeo Kachare, Catia Lambertucci, Rosaria Volpini, Gloria Cristalli. Synthesis of 2-alkynyl-N6-(cyclo)alkyl-1-deazaadenosine as potential antiviral agents. XVII^th International Roundtable on Nucleosides, Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids (IRTXVII). Bern, Switzerland. September 3 - 7, 2006
15. Catia Lambertucci, Sauro Vittori, Ram Chandra Mishra, Diego Dal Ben, Karl-Norbert Klotz, Rosaria Volpini and Gloria Cristalli. Synthesis and biological activity of tri-substituted adenines as A_2A adenosine receptor antagonists. XVII^th International Roundtable on Nucleosides, Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids (IRTXVII). Bern, Switzerland. September 3 - 7, 2006.
16. Mishra RC, Lambertucci C, Dal Ben D, Kachare D, Ramadori AT, Gessi S, Cristalli G, Volpini R. 5'-Substituted guanosine derivatives as potential ligands at the [³H] guanosine binding site. Second Joint Italian-German Purine Club Meeting. Leipzig, Germany. September 12-15, 2007.
17. Gabriella Marucci, Piero Angeli, Michela Buccioni, Dhuldeo Kachare, Meenakshisundaram Kandhavelu, Ram Chandra Mishra, Rosaria Volpini, Gloria Cristalli. Metabolism studies correlated to the activity of new a_2a adenosine receptor antagonists. 16th Camerino-Noordwijkerhout Symposium. University of Camerino, Italy. September 9-13, 2007.
18. Rosaria Volpini, Ram C. Mishra, Catia Lambertucci, Diego Dal Ben, Dhuldeo D. Kachare, Stefania Gessi, Eleonora Fogli, Valeria Sacchetto, Pier Andrea Borea, Gloria Cristalli. Design and synthesis of new ligands for the [³H] guanosine binding site. 16th Camerino-Noordwijkerhout Symposium, University of Camerino, Italy. September 9-13, 2007.
19. Rosaria Volpini, Dhuldeo D. Kachare, Ram C. Mishra, Catia Lambertucci, Diego Dal Ben, Meenakshisundaram Kandhavelu, Elena Sokolova, Andrea Nistri, Gloria Cristalli. P2 receptors ligands: synthesis and biological activity of adenine mininucleotides. 16th Camerino-Noordwijkerhout Symposium, University of Camerino, Italy. September 9-13, 2007.
20. Gloria Cristalli, Ram C. Mishra, Diego Dal Ben, Catia Lambertucci, Dhuldeo D. Kachare, Stefania Gessi, Eleonora Fogli, Valeria Sacchetto, Pier Andrea Borea, Rosaria Volpini. [3H] Guanosine binding site: synthesis and binding activity of new guanosine derivatives. XVIIIth Convegno Nazionale della Divisione di Chimica Farmaceutica della Società Chimica Italiana, University of Chieti, Italy. Settembre 16-20, 2007.
21. Gloria Cristalli, Piero Angeli, Michela Buccioni, Dhuldeo Kachare, Meenakshisundaram Kandhavelu, Ram Chandra Mishra, Rosaria Volpini, Gabriella Marucci. Metabolism studies by rat liver microsomes of new A2A adenosine receptor antagonists. XVIIIth Convegno Nazionale della Divisione di Chimica Farmaceutica della Società Chimica Italiana, University of Chieti, Italy. Settembre 16-20, 2007.
22. Gloria Cristalli, Dhuldeo D. Kachare, Ram C. Mishra, Catia Lambertucci, Diego Dal Ben, Meenakshisundaram Kandhavelu, Elena Sokolova, Andrea Nistri, Rosaria Volpini. Design and synthesis of adenine mininucleotides as P2X3 receptor agonists. XVIIIth Convegno Nazionale della Divisione di Chimica Farmaceutica della Società Chimica Italiana, University of Chieti, Italy. Settembre 16-20, 2007.
23. Kachare DD, Mishra RC, Dal Ben D, Lambertucci C, Volpini R, Sokolova E, Nistri A, Cristalli G. Adenine mininucleotides as new ligands at the P2X3 receptors. Second Joint Italian-German Purine Club Meeting. Leipzig, Germany. September 12-15, 2007